Learning Management System

Question: Discuss about the Learning Management System. Answer: Introduction I am currently undertaking an academic course in the domain of engineering management and would thus like to gain knowledge regarding the practical application of management theories in engineering works. Since I completed my bachelors degree in IT, I am willing to explore the use of management programs and policies in some of the leading information technology service providers of the market, the HCL Technologies being one such example. I have realized the importance of applying the concept of management and compliance it with the development in field of engineering professionalism. The project report has been made to incorporate the analysis of the engineering management and following them for realizing the importance of the learning management for the employees of an organization. The following report would help in reviewing the project of learning management system for the employees. The report consists of a section of literature review in which the topics related to learning management system would be critically evaluated for formation of an appropriate project report. Background and definition of the issue/problem The study has been done for analyzing the role and impact of the learning management system for the development of employees in an organization. The employees play a fine role for the development of the operations and proper functioning of systems in the organization. The learning management system would help in forming a compliance with the progress of the professional aptitude of the employees (Arends, 2014). Learning in business organization plays the most significant role for the development of the operations and formation of the better solution for their operations. The learning and development are dependent on each other and the absence of learning would result in chaotic implementation of the innovative operations. The proper and systematic development of operations has resulted in forming progress of the business organization. According to the authors like (Bednall, Sanders, Runhaar, 2014), the role of the learning management system has not being limited to benefit the organ ization with process development. However, the system has helped in forming an incredible formation of system management skills and functions. Definition of the issue The development of technology has brought out many new and innovative ways for completing any process or operations in the business organization. The development of operations has made it evitable for the employees to understand and form better acceptance for the new system. It has been seen that due to the lack of knowledge and prior information, the employees are not able to adjust with the new technology or system in the organization (Cavus, 2013). It has resulted in making them unfit to carry on their services in the organization. The employees need to be adaptive and understanding for developing better understanding about the innovative technologies and processes. The lack of learning process in the organization would make it incompatible for supporting the operations of the organization. The competition among the organizations has resulted in development for finer means of producing higher quality products and services. The lack of learning system would result in making the ope rations of organizations incompatible to support innovative functions (Chung, Pasquini, Koh, 2013). It would also result in increasing the overall expenses of the organization. Justification for selecting the issue The use of learning information system would help in forming processes and procedures for the compatibility of the employees and their learning process. It would help the employees for developing a habit of self evaluation and development to adopt to the latest operation processes in the organization. The development of technology can be accommodated with the operations and the employees that are already been in the organization (Cigdem Topcu, 2015). The use of learning management system would be helpful for the easy addressing to the challenges and problems for providing more beneficial opportunities in the organization. The learning process would help individuals for developing extra attention to the internal and external operations. Aim and objectives of the project The project has been done to consider the learning management system and its benefit for the employees. The development of the project would help in realizing the importance of the implementing the learning management system in an organization. This section of the report would explain the aims of the research and point out the objectives for completing the project. Aim and objectives The primary aim of the research is to find out the role and importance of the learning management system for a business organization. The study would critically evaluate the formation of the research for developing the role of the learning information system. The topic has involved some terms related to the information learning process like e-learning, information, ICT and many others (Du, Fu, Zhao, Liu, Liu, 2013). The research aims to clarify all these terms to the readers for forming an appropriate technology system for the implementation of the learning management system. The objective of this report is to highlight the issues of lack of prior knowledge and development of the technology to adjust the innovation in the operations. The other objective of the report is to use some appropriate literature to analyze the development of the learning in the project of implementing the learning management system. The objectives of the report are pointed out below: To understand the importance of the learning and issues resulted due to lack of learning among the employees of the organizations To understand the aspects of learning management information system for the operations of an organization Research Questions The research project is based on the analysis of significance of learning management system in business organization. The research questions are based on the objectives of the project and formation of the research analysis. The research questions include: What are the issues of lack of learning among the employees of the organization? What has been done so far in the research of significance of the learning management system? What are the benefits of implementing learning information system for the employees? Literature review of Learning Management System The literature review for the topic of significance of the learning management system has been done for critical evaluation of its role in the business organization. The points included in the literature review are definition of the topic, history, purpose, comparison with same technology, and technical aspects of the system. Definition of the Learning management system According to (Emelyanova Voronina, 2014), learning management system can be defined as a software application that can be used for documentation, administration, reporting, tracking, and delivery of the electronic media based educational courses and training programs. The system ranges from the management of training to the educational records keeping software for online distributing in the organization. The use of hybrid courses and augmented learning knowledge can be used by the Internet platform for delivering the most suitable and comfortable system development for the Internet based learning. The business organization utilizes the learning management system for delivering online training in the training departments and to use the automatic data recording along with employee registration. History of Learning Management System The development of learning management system has been initiated and developed from the computer based development. The computer based development has been flooded with instructions (computer based and computer aided) and learning process (computer assisted). The learning process includes sophisticated tutorials, practice programs, and individualized instructions (Emmer Evertson, 2016). The computer based learning process started with computer managed instructions and then shifted to integrated learning system. It offers the additional functions to the instructions provided. The Integrated learning system provided the ease of management and tracking along with integrated operations and personalized instructions. Jostens had coined the term Integrated learning system and the system of computer instruction was originally based on PLATO learning system (Holman, Aguilar, Fishman, 2013). The PLATO learning system was content free and separate computer based instruction. Purpose of Learning Management System The learning management system and other educational system had the difference of understanding the systematic nature of the learning management system (Horvat, Dobrota, Krsmanovic, Cudanov, 2015). It provides the framework for the development of all the learning processes in the organization. The learning management system infrastructure handles and delivers the instructional content, manages the individual training, assesses the organizational goal, collects and presents the data for the learning process, and tracks the progress for the meeting the goals of the organization. The handling of course registration, administration, gap analysis in skills, and reporting of tracks are all done with the aid of learning management system (Horvat, Dobrota, Krsmanovic, Cudanov, 2015). The learning management system is web based for supporting the faster access to the system and development of the online learning process. The role of the learning management system in the business organizatio n is for developing the content based learning, enhancing the solutions, and supporting the teachings. Learning management system is useful for compliance training in regulated industries. The self service in the e-learning process is helpful for forming an self registration and similar processes and it would help in forming the affective process for business organization. Comparison with Content management system The learning management system should not be confused with the content management system. The virtual learning environments by content management system has similar functions like tracking of performance, online course materials, mixed learning processes, and communicating with students (Islam, 2014). However, the systematic nature of the learning management system does not have limited functionality as course management system. The content management system is made for creating the contents of the course and this function is not available in learning management system. The content management system is a software technology for providing the technology of multi user environment and the delivery of the digital education technology. It focuses on the development of the content for the e-learning materials. It also involves the management and publishing of the learning management system content. The users can create and reutilize it for reducing the efforts for duplication development ( Krumm, Waddington, Teasley, Lonn, 2014). The content management system provides the ease of instance connections and access to any particular course content for a number of audiences. Technical aspects of Learning Management System The learning management system are based on the web content and they are built on various platforms such as Microsoft .NET, Java/J2EE and PHP. The database that supports the learning management system is developed in MySQL, SQL Server, and Oracle (Sahid, Santosa, Ferdiana, Lukito, 2016). The software developed has the commercial license or open source license. The organizations require the learning management system in multilingual form to support the various languages of the content. It helps in providing the services around the world. The standard of SCORM or sharable content object reference model supports the learning management system for business organizations. The study of the above points on the learning management system has helped in developing a prior knowledge about the learning management system. The software application that can be used for documentation, administration, reporting, tracking, and delivery of the electronic media based educational courses and training programs (Wright, Lopes, Montgomerie, Reju, Schmoller, 2014). The use of hybrid courses and augmented learning knowledge utilizes the learning management system for delivering online training in the training departments and to use the automatic data recording along with employee registration. The learning management system had provided the framework for the development of all the learning processes in the organization and it handles and delivers the instructional content for developing the content based learning within the business organizations. Research Methodology The research methodology has been helpful for compiling the most appropriate structure for the adoption of the learning management system in business organization. The research methodology can be helpful for providing the ways for the importance analysis of the learning management system that can be used in business organization. However, (Sailer, Kiefer, Raubal, 2015) have stated that the more detailing of the research process would result in generating some errors and flaws for the system. The research methodology for the significance of learning management system in business operations consist of selecting appropriate philosophy, approach, strategy, choices, time horizons, and technique used. In this research study, the philosophy selected for the analysis of the topic is subjectivism as it evaluates the benefit of the learning management system for business organization. The approach used for the analysis is inductive and the research design selected is descriptive. There are no t much practical data available on the use of learning management system. Hence, the inductive research approach would be helpful for forming the solution for the research project. The descriptive design is used because the topic has to be discussed broadly for finding out the overall impact of learning management system in business organization. The data collection method used for accumulating the data for analysis of the significance of the learning management system is from various online sources and journals. The time horizons for the analysis include the longitudinal approach as it forms the appropriate consideration for the limited operations of the organization. Findings from secondary information analysis The secondary analysis of the learning management system has been done from various online educational sources for evaluating and highlighting the webpage features of the learning management system. The research process is helpful for forming a critical analysis of the web based e-learning process that is helpful for the training programs and learning processes in education (Shin Kang, 2015). The applications of learning management system includes the administrations of the teacher and student data, e-learning programs, online courses, built in communication, documentation, report tracking, support portability, and provided SSL security system. The learning management system can be used for managing online content and administrating the learning process in distant education program. The use of the learning management system would help in forming a number of operations and system for the employees to train and become resourceful for the development of the machine co-ordination in the operational processes of the business organization. The online user interface of the learning management system consists of a main interface that acts as the portal for accessing (Sahid, Santosa, Ferdiana, Lukito, 2016). The portal has been deployed by the organization for supporting the learning process of their employees. The page consists of user accessed to the video libraries and study materials for the employees. The webpage is accessible with the help of logging in at the main page of the organization. The user would get into the account and would be able to watch and download the study materials from the portal (Raman, Don, Khalid, Rizuan, 2014). The organizations would also be helpful for forming the aptitude tests and skill proficiency tests for checking and evaluating the learning process of the employees. Discussion of findings The final discussion has been based on the comparative analysis of the literature review results and the analysis of the secondary information analysis. The literature review has been useful for forming an analysis of the various aspects of the learning management system. The study has shown that the learning management system had been used for documentation, administration, reporting, tracking, and delivery of the electronic media based educational courses and training programs. The hybrid courses and augmented learning knowledge can be used by the Internet platform for delivering online training in the training departments and automatic data recording along with employee registration. The analysis of the pasts technologies of learning management system has shown that the technology has developed from simple computer based learning to integrated learning system and later on shifted to learning management system. On the other hand, the analysis of the secondary data analysis has shown the webpage development and structure for the learning management system. The webpage of the learning management system consist of a portal from where the employees can access the crucial information and study materials for the learning management system. The study materials can be in forms of videos, PDFs, and DOCs. The use of portal for the business organization is useful for forming and calibrating the optional development of the business organizations. The facilities of learning management system are development of an infrastructure that handles and delivers the instructional content, manages the individual training, assesses the organizational goal, collects and presents the data for the learning process, and tracks the progress for the meeting the goals of the organization. Conclusion The project report had incorporated the analysis of the engineering management and realized the importance of the learning management for the employees of an organization. It can be concluded from the project report that the learning management system had a major role and impact for the development of employees in an organization. Learning in business organization had been useful for development of the operations and formation of the better solution for their operations. The role of the learning management system had not being limited to benefit the organization with process development. However, the learning management system had helped in forming an incredible formation of system management skills and functions. The final discussion of the literature review and secondary data analaysis had shown that the learning management system had been used for documentation, administration, reporting, tracking, and delivery of the electronic media based educational courses and training program s. The analysis of the secondary data analysis consists of a studying a learning development portal from where the employees can access the crucial information and study materials. The structure and the processes included in the webpage of the learning management system had been explained in the system. The overall summary of the report is that the learning management system not only helps in building career of students through distance education but it had been allowing business organizations for the training of their employees. Bibliography Arends, R. (2014). Learning to teach. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Bednall, T. C., Sanders, K., Runhaar, P. (2014). Stimulating informal learning activities through perceptions of performance appraisal quality and human resource management system strength: A two-wave study. Academy of Management Learning Education , 13 (1), 45-61. Cavus, N. (2013). Selecting a learning management system (LMS) in developing countries: instructors' evaluation. Interactive Learning Environment , 21 (5), 419-437. Chung, C. H., Pasquini, L. A., Koh, C. E. (2013). Web-based learning management system considerations for higher education. Learning and Performance Quarterly , 1 (4), 24-37. Cigdem, H., Topcu, A. (2015). Predictors of instructors behavioral intention to use learning management system: A Turkish vocational college example. Computers in Human Behavior , 52, 22-28. Du, Z., Fu, X., Zhao, C., Liu, Q., Liu, T. (2013). Interactive and collaborative e-learning platform with integrated social software and learning management system. Proceedings of the 2012 International Conference on Information Technology and Software Engineering , 11-18. Emelyanova, N., Voronina, E. (2014). Introducing a learning management system at a Russian university: Students' and teachers' perceptions. The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning , 15 (1), 62-78. Emmer, E. T., Evertson, C. M. (2016). Classroom management for middle and high school teachers. Pearson. Holman, C., Aguilar, S., Fishman, B. (2013). GradeCraft: What can we learn from a game-inspired learning management system? Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge , 260-264. Horvat, A., Dobrota, M., Krsmanovic, C., Cudanov, M. (2015). Student perception of Moodle learning management system: a satisfaction and significance analysis. Interactive Learning Environments , 23 (4), 515-527. Islam, A. N. (2014). Sources of satisfaction and dissatisfaction with a learning management system in post-adoption stage: A critical incident technique approach. Computers in Human Behavior , 30, 249-261. Krumm, A. E., Waddington, R. J., Teasley, S. D., Lonn, S. (2014). A learning management system-based early warning system for academic advising in undergraduate engineering. Learning analytics , 103-119. Mtebe, J. S., Raisamo, R. (2014). A model for assessing Learning Management System Success in higher education in sub-Saharan countries. The Electronic Journal of Information Systems in Developing Countries. Radwan, N. (2014). An adaptive learning management system based on learners learning style. International Arab Journal of e-Technology , 3 (4), 7. Raman, A., Don, Y., Khalid, R., Rizuan, M. (2014). Usage of learning management system (Moodle) among postgraduate students: UTAUT model. Asian Social Science , 10 (14), 186. Sahid, D. S., Santosa, P. I., Ferdiana, R., Lukito, E. N. (2016, August). Evaluation and measurement of Learning Management System based on user experience. Engineering Seminar (InAES) , 72-77. Sailer, C., Kiefer, P., Raubal, M. (2015). An Integrated Learning Management System for Location-Based Mobile Learning. International Association for Development of the Information Society . Shin, W. S., Kang, M. (2015). The use of a mobile learning management system at an online university and its effect on learning satisfaction and achievement (Vol. 16). The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning. Wei, H. C., Peng, H., Chou, C. (2015). Can more interactivity improve learning achievement in an online course? Effects of college students' perception and actual use of a course-management system on their learning achievement. Computers Education , 83, 10-21. Wright, C. R., Lopes, V., Montgomerie, T. C., Reju, S. A., Schmoller, S. (2014). Selecting a learning management system: Advice from an academic perspective. EDUCAUSE Review Online. Learning Management System Question: Write an essay about the learning management system. Answer: Learning management system (LMS) is an internet based application to monitor a particular learning process. It is a way to develop task, monitor employee participation and evaluates the performance of the individual. It gives a chance of interactive communication by way of group discussions, video conferencing and discussion forums. It helps in efficient administration, tracking, documentation and implementation of educational technology programs. This system may range from managing vital records to distributing the data online. This method is useful in universities, schools, business organizations, etc. Corporate training department uses this system to give online training as well as to keep track of records and employee performance. LMS manages all aspect of the learning process. This system is used for analysis and management of human resource at the workplace. The system is utilized by business service industry or pharma industry to give compliance training to their staff. Some providers include performance management aspect of learning management system. It helps in employee appraisal, management of competency, a gap in skills analysis, succession planning and multi-dimensional assessment. The advanced system has now introduced competency-based learning in many organizations. It helps to discover gaps in learning and selection of appropriate training material. In the case of commercial marketing, this system helps in recruitment and functionality of rewards. It is a valuable tool in increasing effectiveness of training and improving organizational efficiency (Galliers and Leidner 2014). Despite numerous benefits of learning management system, there are many issues and complaints about the system too. The primary purpose of LMS is to give support to the implementation of efficient training. But if the primary objective is not working for particular organizations, then it will create the problem. Therefore selecting the right LMS is crucial. It helps in efficient management of human resource and preventing any confusion. Before selecting any LMS, one must analyze existing administration system and the amount of workflow and employee. According to these criteria, the LMS must be implemented (Kaplan and Atkinson 2015). There is browser incompatibility in LMS. Many employees and training department finds it difficult to the browser or its future. It leads to unnecessary confusion among employees. There are problems of scalability and hardware. Any LMS should be compatible with business needs. No matter how well a system works, it is useless if it does not work for the company. It is best to implement LMS that is compatible across all platforms by testing on multiple browsers. It helps in continued and efficient learning (Coronel and Morris 2016). There are issues of pricing. The hardware for learning management system are very expensive, and they need to update and maintained regularly. It is a great drawback for self-hosted learning management system. Due to the cost involved, people cannot update it on a regular basis. This restricts the flow of information and stops the work process or workflow. The problem generally occurs when organization hardware infrastructure does not support it (Armstrong and Taylor 2014). The advantage or disadvantage of learning management system was analyzed by a study on Facebook users. Facebook being popular social networking sites, it has a potential for teaching and learning through its online content. The learning management system in Facebook is an inbuilt system that variety of scopes of learning related to different aspects of life. It offers many social and technological choices in the study. In this study, the Facebook was used as a platform for learning managements system in two courses. It gave new course news, shared materials, offered weekly tutorials and conducting online discussions at an institute in Singapore. The study used the Facebook group as LMS and analyzed student's perception about introducing it in the course (Senge 2014). The results showed that maximum students were satisfied with Facebook as a function for LMS. It had the advantage of easily being implemented in the Facebook group. There were some limitations of using Facebook group too. Many format files could not be uploaded directly and the discussion did not take place in an organized manner. Apart from these difficulties, students did not felt safe using LMS by Facebook as they were concerned about security issues like privacy getting hampered. Before this study, it was already known that Facebook is popularly is used by youngsters, but many don't prefer teachers as their friends on Facebook. It was also known that teachers interaction on Facebook promotes classroom atmosphere, credibility and helps in building student-teacher relationship (Beetham and Sharpe 2013). From this study, we got to know that Facebook group can be used as an LMS too. It eases social and technological affordances. We found that maximum students are satisfied with Facebook as a platform for LMS. It revealed that only younger people who use technology more often were comfortable with the idea of the Facebook group as an LMS. It showed limitations of LMS such as it does not support other file formats, its discussions are not organized in threads and the environment is not perceived as safe. Many found it risky in term of breaching privacy. The implications or recommendation of this finding in practice is that Facebook group can also be used as the substitute for LMS, and individual approaches can minimize its limitations. One recommendation is that third-party application is needed to extend features of LMS. It also recommended that it is not necessary that teachers be students friend on Facebook and Facebook for LMS is beneficial mainly for youngsters but not adults (Boud et al. 2014). The significant challenges in human resource management in LMS are discussed in this section. In the implementation of LMS training, change management is a challenge for personnel management. A particular focus on training is needed to redevelop added competencies to deal with change management. Another issue is leadership development. These parts are individuals strategic initiative. HR professionals are expected to provide the detailed structure, tools and objectives of LMS implementation in the organization (Arends 2014). It is a complicated process and cannot be done properly. But if it is properly managed, it will provide LMS users option of the best selection and efficiently utilizing the system for learning the process. Through the evaluation of employees by LMS training, right employees are retained, and it enhances the performance of the company as a whole. It helps the organization to build their reputation and position in the market. Therefore, an efficient manager is nece ssary to handle the LMS system (Siemens 2014). The data collection feature of LMS minimizes the time and concentration of trainers. This gives them enough time to deal with each trainee individually. There should be a feature in LMS that allows trainees to assess individual trainees difficulty level quickly. It makes the overall purpose of training more beneficial. In a case of wise group training for different subjects, LMS could track how interactive employees are and how often do they interact in chat sessions for learning. This reduces the burden of the instructor to analyze the content and quality of participation, rather than keeping records of each student involvement in class (Kolb 2014). Introducing LMS requires a lot of investment. But the cost can soon be recovered. This savings can be utilized in expenditure on infrastructure and location for holding training and providing printed materials. LMS reduces the administrative cost associated with organizing training. It has the advantage of both trainers and trainees participating in training provided they have access to the internet. It gives the trainees advantage of participating in training according to their preference of timing. It does not lead to loss of training. It gives the chance of one point access to address all the aspects of learning for downloading reading material, videos and taking a test (Ferguson 2012). One drawback of LMS is that training has many ways, and all aspects are not covered in training. Certain jobs require the acquisition of physical skills, which cannot be learned online. Certain professions like salesmanship require skills like facial expression, body language and ways of interpersonal interaction. These can be heard online, but many people prefer practical training in their field of work. This gives them more exposure and experience rather than online learning (Mitchell 2013). Another disadvantage is that it provides trainee restricted vision. Such person may not identify learning opportunities outside of LMS. People don't realize that they can learn a lot of things in classroom or interaction session or by asking a direct question to senior managers. LMS does not promote informal learning by networking or mentoring. Different types of learning style cannot be incorporated in LMS. Certain trainer has their particular dynamism where they show their expertise by teachi ng in the classroom. Their dynamism cannot be displayed in the online video (Ulrich 2013). Therefore, we can conclude that LMS is beneficial for employees and their business. There is very little gap between effective implementation and faulty implementation of LMS. Therefore, the primary solution is to have detailed interaction with those who are using the system both online and offline. The feedback available from them will be an accurate report for deciding particular organization's LMS. Social media tools can be a useful means to get feedback about the system. Based on the feedback modifications can be done and change incorporated accordingly. LMS can be utilized in all varieties of business, and it is extremely useful to get maximum performance out of employees. Reference Arends, R., 2014.Learning to teach. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Armstrong, M. and Taylor, S., 2014.Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Beetham, H. and Sharpe, R., 2013.Rethinking pedagogy for a digital age: Designing for 21st century learning. routledge. Boud, D., Cohen, R. and Sampson, J. eds., 2014.Peer learning in higher education: Learning from and with each other. Routledge. Coronel, C. and Morris, S., 2016.Database Systems: Design, Implementation, Management. Cengage Learning. Ferguson, R., 2012. Learning analytics: drivers, developments and challenges.International Journal of Technology Enhanced Learning,4(5-6), pp.304-317. Galliers, R.D. and Leidner, D.E., 2014.Strategic information management: challenges and strategies in managing information systems. Routledge. Kaplan, R.S. and Atkinson, A.A., 2015.Advanced management accounting. PHI Learning. Kolb, D.A., 2014.Experiential learning: Experience as the source of learning and development. FT press. Mitchell, B., 2013.Resource environmental management. Routledge. Senge, P.M., 2014.The dance of change: The challenges to sustaining momentum in a learning organization. Crown Business. Siemens, G., 2014. Connectivism: A learning theory for the digital age. Ulrich, D., 2013.Human resource champions: The next agenda for adding value and delivering results. Harvard Business Press.

The Bill of Rights Americas Last Defense Against Essay Example For Students

The Bill of Rights: Americas Last Defense Against Essay the Federal Suffocation of Civil Liberties? Is our Bill of Rights necessary? Does it put a limit on our government, or on our liberty? Do these ten amendments hold the same meaning today as they did two-hundred and fourteen years ago? Are they now or have they ever been relevant? These questions were debated by our nations founding fathers in the eighteenth century and continue to be debated by the historians, academics, and political scientists today. Over the course of the last two centuries, its meaning has been twisted and stretched by the interpretation and misinterpretation of our legislature and, most of all, by the Supreme Court wielding its power of judicial review. It is my belief that these rights were and are absolutely essential to maintaining any liberty in this country; however, I also believe they have placed a limit on our liberties in that the government has come to restrict many rights that are not expressly declared in the Constitution and the Bill of Rights. Perhaps, it is necessary to convene a convention dedicated to defining and expanding the protected rights and to put these revisions to the people through normal amendment processes requiring ratification by three-quarters of the states. To begin, we need to understand what a bill of rights is and where it comes from. We will write a custom essay on The Bill of Rights: Americas Last Defense Against specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Bills, or lists, of rights litter American colonial history, from the Declaration of Rights issued to the British parliament in response to the Stamp Act of 1765, which led to the repeal of that act, to those found in state governments such as Virginia and Delaware during the earliest days of the new nation. These lists were written in response to years of oppression suffered by the colonists at the hands of a tyrannical British government. They outlined certain individual rights that were held to be above government regulation by the philosophy of the time. Though the first ten amendments do not constitute the first list of rights ever devised, they are the first list incorporated into a national constitution. The founders developed two contradicting viewpoints on this subject, which threatened to bring the process of ratification to a standstill. In his letters, Federalist 84 and Federalist 85, Alexander Hamilton, writing as Publius, summarized the federalist argument against the bill of rights. He presented what I feel is a valid and well placed fear that, in stating the liberties shielded from government control, you imply that it has the power to regulate all those not listed. The opposing viewpoint, as found in the anti-federalist letters written by Brutus, was that a greater threat could be found in not protecting these rights. He claimed that, if left unchecked by a bill or rights, the federal government would eventually assume much greater power due to legislation by the Congress utilizing the implied powers clause. Anti-federalists feared that this would eventually result in direct consequences on the liberties of individuals. Given the advantage of seeing this country after two centuries under the current Constitution, I believe that this was and is an even greater threat than that feared by the federalists. Despite two years of heated debate between federalists and anti-federalists, the Constitution was adopted in 1789 without the bill of rights; however, the terms of ratification issued by several states, including Virginia, Massachusetts, New York, South Carolina, New Hampshire, and Rhode Island, required an unwritten understanding that the ratified Constitution would quickly be amended to include such a bill. James Madison, once a champion of the federalist cause, was the first to propose a bill of rights to the Congress. Of the twelve amendments he proposed, the Congress accepted and incorporated ten into the Constitution. Since admission into the Constitution, the role of those amendments has changed drastically. During the years following its ratification, the Bill of Rights was seen only as a limitation on the relatively weak national government. It had very little bearing on the states, most of whom incorporated more comprehensive bills of rights into their own constitutions. Of the ten amendments that were ratified, the one most highly regarded in this time was the tenth which states that those powers not expressly given to the federal .

Sample of Double Space Essay - A Common Sense Guide For Writers

Sample of Double Space Essay - A Common Sense Guide For WritersThe Sample of Double Space Essay is a concise and easy to understand outline to write an essay on anything related to love. The Essay is an essay with the main purpose of touching your heart and creating a connection with your readers. To succeed, you need to clearly define the role of your concept and then use words that actually suit you. You can create a sample of double space essay by writing as many ways as you can.Writing the Sample of Double Space Essay is more than writing the single word 'double space'. You need to be precise about the content of your essay. Some ideas are worth more than others. So, if you want to increase your chances of success in writing your personal essay, here are some tips that will help you:1. A Writing Sample is a viable option for you to gather ideas, facts and opinions from your friends, relatives, colleagues and others. By sharing a Writing Sample with other people, you can test your idea and get lots of feedback. This helps you in understanding the kind of response you will get when you publish your Essay.2. You can also ask the assistance of professional writing services to assist you in your writing. A Writing Service has more than fifty years of experience in writing and editing and can even do more than that.By sharing a Personal Essay with a writer or an Editor, you can test your knowledge and skills before actually writing your personal essay. If you find it difficult to write, an editing service may help you polish your essay and make it more appealing.You can also get the help of a Proof Reading Service to check the content of your essay for spelling, grammar and consistency. For any important content, the proofreading service may also check if there are errors in the content.Sharing a Sample of Double Space Essay with a proof reader, editor or other writing professionals may help you in learning and strengthening your skills in writing. Hence, when yo u look for an excellent freelance writer to help you write your personal essay, you may use a Sample of Double Space Essay to improve your skills.

Abortion misc14 essays

Abortion misc14 essays Current Moral and Social Issues- Section 2 The Judith Thomson article relies on the argument that at the moment of conception, the fetus is a human being. In truth, all aspects on the topic of abortion depend on where to draw the line of where life actually begins. Some argue that it is a human being at the moment of birth because it can survive outside the womb respectively. But Thomson expresses her interest in all the factors and premises that are attached to theory of life at conception. Taking this into consideration Thomson states Everyone has a right to life, so the fetus has a right to life (Thomson 153). Now, when I first read this statement I initially agreed with it. But when Thomson brought in the analogy of the violinist, I realized that a lot more issues are at hand. She explained how the violinists life would be completely dependent on my participation (physically and mentally) and being something which I did not sanction (being kidnapped). This already obviously creates a flaw in the right to life theory. Being unplugged from the violinist would result in his death and therefore would be directly killing him. But in the same manner I did not volunteer that the violinist be plugged into me (154). So someone making this observation would most likely be inclined to make an exception (in this case), do to the fact that I did not willfully take upon the responsibility and burden. Thomson correctly relates that situation to a case of pregnancy due to rape. Which already would involve a nine month term followed by painful labor all of which was caused against your will. Now in response she says, They can say that all persons have a right to life, but that some have less of a right than others, in particular, ...

How to use adverbs effectively - Emphasis

How to use adverbs effectively How to use adverbs effectively Adverbs convey information about how things happen, as well as when, where and to what extent. As the name suggests, they modify verbs but they can also modify adjectives, other adverbs and whole sentences, writes Cathy Relf. For example, in the sentence I need to see you urgently, the adverb urgently tells us about the verb need. But in Recently, weve been incurring a lot of delays, the adverb recently tells us about the whole sentence. However, informative and descriptive though adverbs certainly are, you should still use them with thought and moderation like all language. We tend to use a lot of fairly meaningless adverbs in conversation, to emphasise certain points, create rhythm and elicit empathy from the listener. But good, clear writing is more about communicating your meaning efficiently than banging your point home and that means only using adverbs that add genuine, useful information. Whenever possible, show, dont tell. Some adverbs are used so frequently in speech that they have become little more than verbal tics, and these are the ones you should be particularly suspicious of if they turn up in your writing. Below are five such words, each of which you should sternly interrogate before deciding whether to grant it a place in your final draft. Interestingly Interestingly, many writers like to introduce facts with the word interestingly. Interestingly, its often followed by something that isnt. If you have an interesting observation to share, let it speak for itself. And if you have a dull but necessary fact to convey, dont try to pep it up by calling it interesting. Youll lose your readers trust, as well as their attention. Heres what happened when we asked a group of editors on Twitter how they felt about sentences beginning with interestingly. Warning: its not pretty. Use it: in speeches, to create a moment of suspense before delivering a genuinely interesting point. Dont use it: to add interest where there is none. Significantly Much like interestingly, the thing about significantly is that most truly significant things can speak for themselves. Pinpoint the reason that you know your fact is significant do you have a statistic, for example? If so, can you use that instead, and let the reader be the judge of its significance? Instead of UK tourists pay significantly less for petrol, why not UK tourists pay 8.6 per cent less for petrol? Sometimes, however, youll have expertise that your reader isnt privy to, meaning you may be able to see significance where they cant. In this case, you can use the word to signal that a particular piece of information youre conveying is significant, and then follow up on how, or why, in the next sentence. Youre basically telling your reader hold on to this bit; youll understand why in a minute. Used like this, significantly can be a useful tool for creating reader engagement. Also, its worth noting that in statistics, significant has a specific meaning, with the significance level being the amount of evidence required to indicate that a result did not happen by chance. Too often, however, significant is simply used to create persuasive, attention-grabbing sentences that gloss over an absence of evidence. For example, see this headline from the Daily Mail: Less than 6 hours sleep significantly increases risk of a stroke even if you are fit and healthy. The article gives no information about the size of the increased risk it could be one per cent higher or 100 per cent higher. The reader is left none the wiser regarding the level of significance, and the same is probably true of the writer. Use it: to highlight facts that the reader may not immediately realise are significant. Dont use it: as a substitute for real information, or to make something seem more important than it is. Obviously Before you use obviously or clearly, ask yourself three things: firstly, if its obvious to everyone, do you need to make the point at all? Take, for example, the introductory sentence to this article in The Hindu: Quite obviously, the Reserve Bank of India, while reviewing the credit policy the mid-quarter review is scheduled for later on June 18 would take note of the recent developments affecting the economy. Once you unpick the sentence, it is obvious that a bank would consider economic developments when reviewing its credit policy. But did they need to say so? After all, if its obvious, is it news? Secondly, if its not obvious to your readers, how are they going to feel? Foolish, perhaps or, worse, patronised. And, thirdly, are you using obviously to discourage questioning? (After all, who would argue with something that has been declared universally obvious?) If so, take a moment to think about why youre using such a defensive tactic. It may be that there are holes in your own argument. Use it: as little as possible. Dont use it: if its likely that the information will not be obvious to some readers. Actually Actually is a useful discourse marker in speech. We use it for emphasis, surprise, contrast or correction (we thought it would be a good move, but it was actually a mistake, no, I live in Hove, actually, he was actually trying to take all the credit himself). However, in writing, actually should be used sparingly. If youre someone who writes like a demon in first drafts, itll often end up in there because your writing tumbles out structured like speech. Its actually a great way to get a first draft on to paper, but when you go back to edit it and actually look at the contribution each word is making, thats the time to question whether theyre actually adding any value or clarity. In the sentence above, wed delete the first two actuallys, but keep the third, which subtly intensifies the action of adding value. Use it: when it adds a useful hint of contrast or surprise to the sentence. Dont use it: just because you would when speaking. Literally This is, without doubt, the adverb with the most enemies. There are whole social media accounts devoted to pointing out inappropriate uses of literally. See @literallypolice on Twitter and The Literally Tsar on Facebook, if you dont believe us. The problem with literally is that it has developed a colloquial meaning that is the opposite of its literal, or dictionary, meaning. Often, when people say literally, they mean its opposite, figuratively. The footballer Jamie Redknapp has a particular fondness for the colloquial usage of the word, according to this Guardian article (he had to cut back inside on to his left, because he literally hasnt got a right foot). Despite all this fuss, only the most pedantic person would interrupt you in the middle of a story to question whether you were literally shaking like a leaf or literally chomping at the bit. But readers are pickier than listeners, and sentences such as these seem more incongruous in black and white. So, just to be completely literal about it, here are the definitions from Collins: Literal: in exact accordance with or limited to the primary or explicit meaning of a word or text. Figurative: of the nature of, resembling, or involving a figure of speech; not literal; metaphorical. In short, if it didnt really, literally happen, dont use literally. Use it: to describe things that really happened. Dont use it: for metaphors or exaggerated expressions. Want more advice on getting the most out of your business writing? Read about our in-company High-impact business writing course. Or, if you want to train only one or two people, check out our open course sessions. Then give us a call on +44 (0)1273 732 888, email us or tweet us at @EmphasisWriting.

The Spring Gala Concert, Featuring the USA Percussion Ensemble, USA Essay

The Spring Gala Concert, Featuring the USA Percussion Ensemble, USA Steel, and the World Music Group - Essay Example This paper illustrates that the opening piece in the Spring Gala Concert was David Skidmore’s ‘Unknown Kind’. Skidmore is a relatively young composer having been born in 1982. Still, his compositions have been regularly performed around the country and at universities. His composition ‘Unknown Kind’ was originally performed at Carnegie Hall in 2007. While the author enjoyed the composition itself it ran counter to many of my expectations. The researcher had been expecting something more along the lines of traditional classical music, but the composition was slightly minimal and experimental. Still, it set a unique tone for the rest of the concert, as the rest of the compositions continued a slightly experimental theme. The ‘Unknown Kind’ composition was followed by a performance of Shostakovich’s ‘intermezzo’. This work fell along more traditional classical lines. This was perhaps the piece the author enjoyed the most as it balanced these classical elements with a sort of offbeat tone. David Maslanka’s ‘Crown of Thorns’ followed this piece. This was a highly minimal piece and during the performance, the author witnessed a young child dozing to sleep. The researcher didn’t share the child’s boredom, however, and after a period he came to appreciate the eccentricities in the work, as they offered an escape from run-of-the-mill type tonality. The intermission followed the conclusion of this piece.

Can renewable energy be seen as sufficient and sustainable as nuclear Literature review

Can renewable energy be seen as sufficient and sustainable as nuclear energy - Literature review Example Apart from the environmental degradation, there are other adverse health effects that are caused by the gases that are emitted to the environment. The destruction of habitat for the different lives has resulted not only to the elimination of the indigenous species but has also resulted into the reduction in the production of quality and quantity foods which has resulted into the food supply in major nations of the world (Sandalow, 2009). It is however important to note that all these issues are related to the pressure that is exerted on the limited available energy sources especially for the automobiles. Research has also shown that the increase in the pollutant gases that are emitted in the atmosphere results to the twenty five percent of the health complications of the major organ and organ system of the body such as the lungs, heart, kidney, digestive, respiration and some cases have resulted into death. In the view of the above, it is undisputable that the world needs alternative sources of energy to supply energy to the automobiles. Most nations are responding to this problem by passing strict laws on the activities that result into the pollution of the environment. This is because there is increasing dependency on the petroleum as the major source of energy for the automobile and industrial and many other engines that do not use electricity. The increase in the availability of the renewable sources of energy for automobile is therefore the only solution to reduce the menace of the global problems of pollution, enhance human health, protect the environment, increase the capacity for food production and protect the natural habitat. Hybrid cars, electric engines as well as other engines that use alternative and renewable sources of sources of energy are therefore important technology towards the realization of this goal. The current increase in the development of the automobile and other manufacturing industries has resulted into the ease of transportation p roblems and changed our lifestyles but is turning to be more dangerous to the environment and our health. For a long time in the history of the world, automobiles have been run mainly by the fuel that is mainly made from the hydrocarbons which is responsible for the environmental pollution. Due to the increasing population of the environment, there increased pressure on the use of the hydrocarbon fuels as the sources of energy for the automobile. It therefore follows that the rate of environmental pollution is expected to rise proportionally. Research has also shown that the amount of fuel used for manufacturing and the service industry constitutes up to forty nine percent of all the fuels that are used (Anderson, 2010). It is also projected that the uses of fuel within our roads is also expected to increase tremendously with the figure expected to be approximately 2.5 billion users (Barthelmie, 2011). In this context therefore the available petroleum faces depletion together with t he increases in the environmental impacts mentioned earlier in this study. The following will be research findings on the importance of the hybrid cars in reducing the pollution and protecting the environment a